How did Nasa get pictures of ANY galaxy?

Pictures of the Milky Way are from the inside. You can look up and see it at night in a dark spot. As for pictures of other galaxies, you can take them yourself. A decent camera which can take a 30-sec or longer exposure can get a picture of the Andromeda galaxy, and you can see that too with your eyes. Other galaxies require at least a small telescope, but you can still see them and take your own pictures. We aren't showing planets in other galaxies, but some stars are bright enough to see. The Mars rovers are actually on Mars sending back images.